Fiqh of Transactions Part 02

Introduction:

I would like to quote an important phrase regarding the significance of Islamic jurisprudence, written by (Maulana) Muhammad Faheem Akhtar Nadwi in the preface of Maulana Khalid Saifullah Rahmani's book "Islamic Jurisprudence - Compilation and Introduction":

"In Islamic sciences, 'Islamic Jurisprudence' is a comprehensive knowledge that encompasses the fundamental sources of Islam, namely the Qur'an and Hadith. Since the structure of Islamic jurisprudence is built on these two foundations, jurisprudence cannot exist without the Qur'an and Hadith. Islamic jurisprudence is the guideline for practical life and daily affairs of a person; it classifies the rulings of the Qur'an and Hadith and provides a model ready for implementation of these rulings. Islamic jurisprudence is the means by which we identify what is right and wrong, and it shows us what actions are accepted by Allah and which efforts are wasted in His sight."

According to the actions of the accountable person, Islamic jurisprudence is divided into two parts:

1. Fiqh al-Ibadat (The Jurisprudence of Worship): Actions related to a person's worship of their Lord, such as prayer, fasting, zakat, and pilgrimage.

2. Fiqh al-Muamalat (The Jurisprudence of Transactions): Actions related to dealings among individuals, such as financial transactions, marriage and divorce, khula (dissolution of marriage initiated by the wife), alimony, and marital life issues, criminal matters, etc.